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- from __future__ import absolute_import, division, unicode_literals
- from future.builtins import str
- """ robotparser.py
- Copyright (C) 2000 Bastian Kleineidam
- You can choose between two licenses when using this package:
- 1) GNU GPLv2
- 2) PSF license for Python 2.2
- The robots.txt Exclusion Protocol is implemented as specified in
- http://info.webcrawler.com/mak/projects/robots/norobots-rfc.html
- """
- # Was: import urllib.parse, urllib.request
- from future.backports import urllib
- from future.backports.urllib import parse as _parse, request as _request
- urllib.parse = _parse
- urllib.request = _request
- __all__ = ["RobotFileParser"]
- class RobotFileParser(object):
- """ This class provides a set of methods to read, parse and answer
- questions about a single robots.txt file.
- """
- def __init__(self, url=''):
- self.entries = []
- self.default_entry = None
- self.disallow_all = False
- self.allow_all = False
- self.set_url(url)
- self.last_checked = 0
- def mtime(self):
- """Returns the time the robots.txt file was last fetched.
- This is useful for long-running web spiders that need to
- check for new robots.txt files periodically.
- """
- return self.last_checked
- def modified(self):
- """Sets the time the robots.txt file was last fetched to the
- current time.
- """
- import time
- self.last_checked = time.time()
- def set_url(self, url):
- """Sets the URL referring to a robots.txt file."""
- self.url = url
- self.host, self.path = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[1:3]
- def read(self):
- """Reads the robots.txt URL and feeds it to the parser."""
- try:
- f = urllib.request.urlopen(self.url)
- except urllib.error.HTTPError as err:
- if err.code in (401, 403):
- self.disallow_all = True
- elif err.code >= 400:
- self.allow_all = True
- else:
- raw = f.read()
- self.parse(raw.decode("utf-8").splitlines())
- def _add_entry(self, entry):
- if "*" in entry.useragents:
- # the default entry is considered last
- if self.default_entry is None:
- # the first default entry wins
- self.default_entry = entry
- else:
- self.entries.append(entry)
- def parse(self, lines):
- """Parse the input lines from a robots.txt file.
- We allow that a user-agent: line is not preceded by
- one or more blank lines.
- """
- # states:
- # 0: start state
- # 1: saw user-agent line
- # 2: saw an allow or disallow line
- state = 0
- entry = Entry()
- for line in lines:
- if not line:
- if state == 1:
- entry = Entry()
- state = 0
- elif state == 2:
- self._add_entry(entry)
- entry = Entry()
- state = 0
- # remove optional comment and strip line
- i = line.find('#')
- if i >= 0:
- line = line[:i]
- line = line.strip()
- if not line:
- continue
- line = line.split(':', 1)
- if len(line) == 2:
- line[0] = line[0].strip().lower()
- line[1] = urllib.parse.unquote(line[1].strip())
- if line[0] == "user-agent":
- if state == 2:
- self._add_entry(entry)
- entry = Entry()
- entry.useragents.append(line[1])
- state = 1
- elif line[0] == "disallow":
- if state != 0:
- entry.rulelines.append(RuleLine(line[1], False))
- state = 2
- elif line[0] == "allow":
- if state != 0:
- entry.rulelines.append(RuleLine(line[1], True))
- state = 2
- if state == 2:
- self._add_entry(entry)
- def can_fetch(self, useragent, url):
- """using the parsed robots.txt decide if useragent can fetch url"""
- if self.disallow_all:
- return False
- if self.allow_all:
- return True
- # search for given user agent matches
- # the first match counts
- parsed_url = urllib.parse.urlparse(urllib.parse.unquote(url))
- url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(('','',parsed_url.path,
- parsed_url.params,parsed_url.query, parsed_url.fragment))
- url = urllib.parse.quote(url)
- if not url:
- url = "/"
- for entry in self.entries:
- if entry.applies_to(useragent):
- return entry.allowance(url)
- # try the default entry last
- if self.default_entry:
- return self.default_entry.allowance(url)
- # agent not found ==> access granted
- return True
- def __str__(self):
- return ''.join([str(entry) + "\n" for entry in self.entries])
- class RuleLine(object):
- """A rule line is a single "Allow:" (allowance==True) or "Disallow:"
- (allowance==False) followed by a path."""
- def __init__(self, path, allowance):
- if path == '' and not allowance:
- # an empty value means allow all
- allowance = True
- self.path = urllib.parse.quote(path)
- self.allowance = allowance
- def applies_to(self, filename):
- return self.path == "*" or filename.startswith(self.path)
- def __str__(self):
- return (self.allowance and "Allow" or "Disallow") + ": " + self.path
- class Entry(object):
- """An entry has one or more user-agents and zero or more rulelines"""
- def __init__(self):
- self.useragents = []
- self.rulelines = []
- def __str__(self):
- ret = []
- for agent in self.useragents:
- ret.extend(["User-agent: ", agent, "\n"])
- for line in self.rulelines:
- ret.extend([str(line), "\n"])
- return ''.join(ret)
- def applies_to(self, useragent):
- """check if this entry applies to the specified agent"""
- # split the name token and make it lower case
- useragent = useragent.split("/")[0].lower()
- for agent in self.useragents:
- if agent == '*':
- # we have the catch-all agent
- return True
- agent = agent.lower()
- if agent in useragent:
- return True
- return False
- def allowance(self, filename):
- """Preconditions:
- - our agent applies to this entry
- - filename is URL decoded"""
- for line in self.rulelines:
- if line.applies_to(filename):
- return line.allowance
- return True
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